Volume 17, Number 4

QoS Based Reliable Route in MANET for Military Applications

  Authors

Diksha Shukla and Raghuraj Singh, Harcourt Butler Technical University, India

  Abstract

Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are crucial for situations like military operations and disaster relief where traditional networks are impractical. However, they face challenges such as dynamic topology, limited resources, and scalability. The widely used AODV protocol lacks the necessary Quality of Service (QoS) for real-time applications due to high route discovery overhead, congestion and frequent maintenance. To overcome these constraints, this study presents a reliable routing protocol (RRP-AODV) that improves QoS by considering factors from the first three levels in the OSI model such as received signal strength, distance, queue congestion, node degree, and node longevity. During the route discovery process, the RREQ phase compares node distance and degree against threshold values to determine further hops. During the RREP phase, queue congestion and node lifetime (the ratio of residual energy to utilization rate) are assessed. When the source node receives an RREP packet, it updates its Cost Metric (CM) with the minimal node lifespan and compares buffer occupancy from a preset threshold for acceptability. Using a weighted moving average approach, the neighbor table is updated in response to the received signal strength. RRP-AODV addresses the key limitations of the conventional AODV protocol. Simulation results demonstrate that the suggested protocol RRP-AODV outperforms than AODV and QoSRP in context of Packet delivery ratio, throughput, end to end delay, packet loss ratio and normalized routing load in two scenarios that modify the nodes number and simulation time.

  Keywords

AODV, MANET, Queue Congestion, Quality of Service, Signal Strength, military areas, Cross-layer n