Volume 9, Number 16, December 2019

Precedent Case Retrieval using Wordnet and Deep Recurrent Neural Networks

  Authors

Sai Vishwas Padigi, Mohit Mayank and S. Natarajan, PES University, India

  Abstract

The slowness of legal proceedings in the common law legal system is a widely known fact. Any tool which could help reduce the time taken for the resolution of a case is invaluable. Common legal systems place a great importance on precedents and retrieving the correct set of precedents is considerably time consuming. Hence, for any case whose proceedings are in progress, if there are suitable prior cases, then the court has to follow the same interpretations that were passed in the prior cases. This is to ensure that similar situations receive similar treatment, thus maintaining uniformity amongst the legal proceedings across all courts at all times. Hence, precedent cases are treated as important as any other written law (a statute) in this legal system. In this paper, we propose two new approaches to solve this information retrieval problem wherein the system accepts the current case document as the query and returns the relevant precedent cases as the result. The first approach is to calculate the document similarity using Wordnet, which is a lexical database that could be leveraged to quantify the semantic relatedness between two documents, using a semantic network. The second approach is the use of a Siamese Manhattan Long Short Term Memory network, which is a supervised model trained to understand the underlying similarity between two documents.

  Keywords

Information retrieval, Text similarity, Deep learning, Legal documents, Wordnet, Siamese Manhattan LSTM

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